Today is World Sjogren's Day! By JoAnn DeRousse, COT on July 23, 2012

What is Sjogren’s Syndrome?

Sjogren's, (pronounced “SHOW-grins”), is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks the glands that produce moisture needed in the mouth, skin, eyes, vaginal area, gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract (exocrine glands). Not surprising, the hallmark symptoms of this disorder are dry eyes and dry mouth.

Symptoms of Sjogren’s Syndrome

Dry, gritty or burning sensation in the eyes
Difficulty talking, chewing or swallowing
Sore or cracked tongue
Dry or burning throat
Dry, peeling lips
Dry nose
Vaginal and skin dryness
Change in taste or smell
Digestive problems
Joint pain
Fatigue

Who’s at risk?

Of the 4 million Americans affected by Sjogren’s, nine out of 10 are women and most are diagnosed in their late 40’s. However, Sjogren’s has been found in nearly all racial and ethnic groups and in all age groups including children.

What causes it?

The exact cause is unknown but scientists seem to think that genetic factors and environmental contacts to certain viruses may increase the risk of developing the disorder. See our website for the causes of dry eye syndrome.

How is it treated?

Although there is no cure, Sjogren’s symptoms may be managed with treatment to give relief to improve symptoms and prevent complications.

To alleviate symptoms associated with the exocrine glands such as dry mouth, doctors may prescribe saliva substitutes or prescription meds to help stimulate the salivary glands.

For dry eye syndrome, doctors may prescribe over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription artificial tears or ointments for dry eye relief as well as oral supplements such as EZ-Tears®. Treatment for dry eye can also include Restasis® as well as anti-inflammatory drops. In more extreme cases, punctal occlusion or surgery to cauterize or seal the tear ducts in the eyes may be an option.

For symptoms beyond those affecting the exocrine glands, doctors may recommend non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to help relieve joint and muscle pain, antifungal medications to treat yeast infections in the mouth and steroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs to treat systemic symptoms.

Clinical Studies

Dr. Mulqueeny is the Director of the Dry Eye Institute of St. Louis, the only establishment of its kind in the Midwest dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic dry eyes syndrome. He currently is serving as a Principal Investigator for the PROOF study to determine the natural progression and treatment of dry eye disease and the ONIT Study to determine the effect of Oral Nutrition on Tear Film. He also serves on the advisory board for ZeaVision, assisting in the development of products for eyecare professionals and consumers to preserve healthy vision.